Boiler



HHH-ww.

R. L. BYRUM BOILER Filed Dec. 16, 1938 Jan. 23, 1940.

iypfwpoint' production: of steam,`

Patented Jan. 23, 1940 4 BOILER Robert L. ByrumgMidaletowng'ohio y @Applicationneeember 16,1938;serialNw/zlclzzo 4*., Claims.

-'.T his invention relates izo-Water boilers and more "fpavrticularly' to the type of steanigenerators or Water heaters for' domestic lnot Watery or steam uheating systems #or domestic -hot Water vsupply f.- systems.

v It-isr thefobject of the: present invention to provide a Water boiler 'which is compactl and f* ruggedv in construction, highly efficient in opera- 'tion and capable' of developing-the desired temperatures for utilization Within va relatively short ---period of time. It isa further object of the invention tov provide a boiler having maximum neat transfer area l While obtaining optimum dratconditions.

- pro-ved circulating" characteristics in' the liquid lundergoing transformation, which contribute to "the attainment of luga-efficiency andA rapidity '-"f 29 r Aofv operation.

The present invention proceeds upon theY prinv en' particles or mixturesof these, by the interposition 'fof tubescarrying the yheated `liquid `inediurn into thefpath of" .these combustionffgases;While the circulation-oi the liquid medium is maintained at 1 optimunr conditions in order to extract quickly rfi' theheatffromthe gases and tol-transfer the energy thus derived froml thexheated gases to the liquid 'l at the point of utilization thereof.l Thuay if water is used for the purpose of generating;-fsteamyth-e heatedwater is permittedto 'discharge near the nile in thel case thefrsystem v is: used merely for'theloeating'y of zfvwater, the-heatedwater is'fdischargedfnear the point of exit ofthevwater-from theboiler yforthe 'utilization in-other points of theheating system wmf asby radiation and the-like.-r The inducementv of If the=waterto travel quickly following the absorputilization and i ronlcnishment 'oftlle tubes-with additional water llo ving a ."fgreater temperature' differential than. me prelx1; tion' of neat thereby tothe point of the immediate and sinrultanecnsfA '.rviouslyflieated water, .give rise'to af Laxiinurn 'utilization of the heat'energy of the being utilized beforev the heatedk gases ',boilerl 'These objectives areattained in the ent 55 to produce-:by conduction the desirableecurrents s It is a further objectof the invention to pro- *li/idea boiler construction which' develops imss from Athe ,1

y' invention rby the provision o'aplurality of toibesA f f in the rire cnambenas Well asinthe lliquid -chami' 5 ber are so critically proportioned and, distributed that the-conduction paths of theheated liquid f are maintained at maximumeiiiciency While sufcient'vsnace i's yleftnior the` .cenyectiongcurrents of the iiquid to abstract with maximumeiiiciencytilo I tlieheat fr'ornthe combustionfgasesvpassing upl- 'I Wardly through:` the :tire chamber and :striking f ithe inner lateral walls. of` the,liquidtjacket-,and the stack extending upwardly therefrom. l

more` detailed description offthe invention following nereinaitenftaken inA conjunction withwthe accompanyingdrawinggwherein:

Y Figure l is a verticalsectionalfview ofgmy-.im proved boiler.; l '2 -ligure '2 is aA horizontal vsectional y.View iine EQ2 offFiguI-efl.; and

Figure 3 is a horizontal. .s line of Figure l.

along ectional. View .along L In Figure l ie'shown aboilercasingfl ofscylin'' dricaly external .contour Whichl-may- .restaupon a mbasev 2? inwhich: may bei ldisposed :the burners Y- i 21.1 and.t 2 l In their illustrated .embodiment o-.the u invention, Ythe burners are shown-,consistingf' of :i four elementsi, v with f which .are Suppliedwith'gaseous fnelffromfmains 22 and 25.4 respectively: yIt isl understood that any other forni of burnermay bedisposed in the. base of theboiler adapted toburn fuel oil, coal, orfany :mother-.combustible material.

The.V combustion flames and .gases pass upa.=-Wardly fro-mathe burner into afire' chamberv F formed by lateral ywalls v3--and :top Wall |3.from which.' extends upWardly-thestack f2 passing. centrally. l, through the i .top encounters the flue li-:With thetair.inductionihood o3' Whereas the fire'chamberf has: been illust-rated .as rectangular' in formation, it, vmay assumeother configurations and may be, cylindrical.

of the fire chamber Fandy intercept thehot com ,bustiongases;passing therethrough for the. purpose of abstractingf` more cheat 1 therefrom# Six y:series of. such.; tubes; aref` shown. infthewpresent `embodiment of the invention 1;'. Eiland l l. y rThese areshown horizontallydisposed; yalthough theynfia-yy be. inclined if desired, and lsyrnmetricallyfarranged. 'Tubulareggtenf n VsionsI are connected to` the-alternate terminals of the series,` of ntubes f which; "are,

- Other objects andpurposes will appear iromthm' a centralipilot burner. 2 @E30 f Afplurality of .water tubesrextend :transverselytn namely, 6 7., 8., form directedffupwardlgy in the lateral jacket formed between the walls 3 and the external wall of the boiler. Thus, the tubes I6 extend upwardly from the ends of the tubes S while the tubes I1 extend upwardly from the ends of thel tubes 'I opposite the ends of tube 6 to which the tubes I6 are attached. Likewise tubes 8 and 9, which extend at right angles to the tubes B and 1, have attached thereto upwardly extending tubes I8 and I9, respectively, on opposite sides of the re chamber. The rows of water tubes IU and II are disposed at right angles to each other and have no tubular extensions connected thereto, which is characteristic of presently known constructions. The tubes I6, I1, I8 and I9 extend beyond the height of the fire chamber and terminate below the level of the water in the boiler.

A discharge conduit is connected to the top of the boiler for leading off steam from the boiler if the same is used for such a purpose which is the case in the illustrated embodiment of the invention. In the event that the present construction is used as a hot water boiler, it is filled with water and the conduit 25 leads away the heated water therefrom. The boiler may be provided with a level indicator I0, and whatever additional controls, such as a thermometer and a pressure indicator I, as are conventional in insulations of this type. An inlet conduit for the water is shown at 30.

Without limiting the present invention, it is the applicants theory that the improved results obtainable with the design illustrated herein arises from the provision of the upwardly extending tubes I6, I1, I8 and I9, which rapidly convey the water heated in the horizontal sections of the tubes, 6, 1, 8 and 9, to the upper part of the main body of water wherefrom the water is conducted away, or else transformed into steam. The incoming cold water is directed into the bottom of the boiler through conduit 3D andI fills the horizontal water tubes and which operates to extract the heat from the combustion gases. In addition, the cooler water travels downwardly in the lateral water jacket and lls the tubes 6, 1, 8 and 9, as well as IIJ and II, to heat the liquid therein.y These currents of cooler water do not obstruct and are not obstructed by the hot water passing upwardly through the tubes I6 to I9. In addition, the hot combustion gases strike the wall or walls 3 and heat the water in contact therewith.

I have found a constructional design as set forth below and illustrated herein particularly efficient. The boilerl casing is of 20 diameter and 36" height through which extends a fire chamber of 12 square cross section through the lower half thereof with a stack of 3" diameter extending upwardly therefrom and terminating 2" above the top of the boiler. The boiler rests upon a base l2 in height with air openings therein, which serves to give adequate draft from below. A water level of approximately 24 is maintained in the boiler for the purpose of steam generation and the tubes I6 to I9 terminate about 1%" below this water level.

The tubes are 3A in diameter and set 1% from center to center and these are disposed midway between the fire chamber and the external jacket, which at the center is 4" in width. When the re chamber is cylindrical or of any other curved outline, the water tubes are correspondingly curved in their substantially horizontal planes so that the ends of the tubes are perpendicular or substantially so to the plane of the fire box at their points of juncture thereto by welding or brazing.

The low pressure steam generator or water heater described herein may be made of sheet metal or any other materials used in the art for these purposes. The water tubes may be fabricated of copper, brass, stainless steel or other suitable materials. In view of the high rate of heat absorption made possible by the improved construction disclosed herein, the capacities of the boiler are increased or correspondingly the size of the boiler may be reduced for the same capacities obtained heretofore.

The water tubes are so designed that a rapid circulation of water takes place therein by the aeration occasioned by the generation of steam in some of the water tubes. These rapid velocities of the water in the tubes may be suicient to maintain these tubes clean. As a refinement, I may provide removable plugs at the ends of the horizontal water tubes at the bases of the vertical extensions to facilitate the cleaning of the tubes if such is necessary.

While my invention has been described as relating particularly to a water heating or steam generating apparatus, it is understood that steam and water as used in the specification and claims are capable of broader interpretations in order to connote any liquid and vapor produced therefrom so that the novel features of the present invention may be applied to other fields than that specifically disclosed herein.

While I have described my invention as embodied in concrete form and as operating in a specific manner for purposes of illustration, it should be understood that I do not limit my invention thereto, since various modifications will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of my invention, the scope of which is set forth in the annexed claims.

What I claim is:

1, In a boiler of the class described, a fire chamber, a liquid chamber above and around said fire chamber, a plurality of adjacent pairs of rows of water tubes extending transversely of said fire chamber between opposite points in said water chamber, each pair of rows of tubes extending transversely to another pair of rows of tubes, and tubular extensions connected to said water tubes at the opposite ends of the rows of tubes constituting the pair thereof, said extensions directed upwardly for a substantial extent in said water chamber and terminating below the level of the water therein to conduct the water heated in the transverse portions of said water tubes to the upper part of the body of water in said Water chamber.

2. In a boiler of the class described, a fire chamber, a liquid chamber above and around said fire chamber, a plurality of adjacent pairs of rows of water tubes extending transversely of said fire chamber between opposite points in said water chamber, each pair of rows of tubes eX- tending transversely to another pair of rows ol' 65 tubes, and tubular extensions connected to said water tubes at only one end thereof and directed upwardly for a substantial extent in said water chamber and terminating below the level of the water therein to conduct the water heated in the transverse portions of said water tubes to the upper part of the body of Water in said water chamber, said tubular extensions being distributed in said liquid chamber by being connected to the ends of one row of tubes which are opposite the ends of the otherrow of tubes of the same pair to which other tubular extensions are connected. i

3. Ina boiler of the class described, a rectangular re chamber, a yliquid chamber above and around said 're chamber, inlet and outlet conduits connected thereto, a plurality of adjacent pairs of rows of water tubes extending transversely of said re chamber between the opposite walls thereof and openings into said water chamber, each pair of rows of tubes extending transversely to the adjacent pair of rows of tubes, andtubular extensions connected to said water tubes at the oppositev ends of the rows of tubes constituting the pair thereof, said extensions directed upwardly in said water chamber for a substantial extent to conduct the Water heated in the transverse portions of said Water tubes to the upper part of the body of Water in said water chamber.

4. In a boiler of the class described, a :tire

chamber, a water chamber above and around said fire chamber, a plurality of adjacent pairs of rows of water tubes extending transversely of said re Chamber between displaced points in said water chamber, eachv pair of rows of tubes extending transversely to another pair of rows f tubes, tubular extensions connected to said water tubes at the opposite ends of the rows of tubes constituting a pair thereof, said extensions directed upwardly for a substantial extent in said water chamber to conduct the Water heated in the transverse portions of said water tubes to the upper part of the body of water in said water chamber, additional water tubes extending transversely of said re chamber and crossing each other above said first-mentioned water tubes, and a stack extending upwardly from said lire chamber through the upper part of the water chamber.

ROBERT L. BYRUM. 

